CentralPivotRange

The pivot point plus its two central lines — the width of the range forecasts a trending vs. range-bound session.

Quick reference

Field	Value
Family	Pivots & S/R
Input type	Candle (a completed period bar)
Output type	CentralPivotRangeOutput { pivot, tc, bc }
Output range	price units; tc >= bc
Default parameters	None (parameter-free)
Warmup period	1
Interpretation	Narrow CPR → trend day; wide CPR → range day.

Formula

pivot = (high + low + close) / 3
bc'   = (high + low) / 2
tc'   = 2·pivot − bc'
TC    = max(tc', bc'),   BC = min(tc', bc')

Feed the previous completed bar (daily/weekly). The headline read is the width TC − BC: a narrow range means a small balance area and a likely trending session, a wide range means a balanced, range-bound one. The raw tc'/bc' are symmetric about the pivot; the output labels the larger TC and the smaller BC so ordering always holds. Source: crates/wickra-core/src/indicators/central_pivot_range.rs.

Parameters

Name	Type	Default	Valid range	Source	Description
—	—	—	—	None.	The CPR is parameter-free; CentralPivotRange::new() is infallible.

Inputs / Outputs

From crates/wickra-core/src/indicators/central_pivot_range.rs:

use wickra::{Candle, Indicator, CentralPivotRange, CentralPivotRangeOutput};
// CentralPivotRange: Input = Candle, Output = CentralPivotRangeOutput
const _: fn(&mut CentralPivotRange, Candle) -> Option<CentralPivotRangeOutput> =
    <CentralPivotRange as Indicator>::update;

A Candle in, an Option<CentralPivotRangeOutput> out. The Python binding returns a (pivot, tc, bc) tuple from update and an (n, 3) array from batch(high, low, close); Node returns { pivot, tc, bc } and a flat Float64Array of length n*3; WASM mirrors the object with camelCase keys.

Warmup

warmup_period() == 1. Each completed bar yields one CPR immediately (ready_after_first_update pins this).

Edge cases

• Reference values. Verified against H=110, L=90, C=105 (formula_reference_values pins this).
• Ordering. TC >= BC always (tc_never_below_bc pins this).
• Constant bar. H = L = C collapses every level to the price (constant_bar_collapses_range pins this).
• Finiteness. Candle::new rejects non-finite fields, so no in-method guard is needed.
• Reset. cpr.reset() clears readiness (reset_clears_state).

Examples

Rust

use wickra::{Candle, Indicator, CentralPivotRange};

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let mut cpr = CentralPivotRange::new();
    let prev_day = Candle::new(101.0, 110.0, 90.0, 105.0, 1_000.0, 0)?;
    let out = cpr.update(prev_day).unwrap();
    println!("pivot={:.2} tc={:.2} bc={:.2}", out.pivot, out.tc, out.bc);
    Ok(())
}

Output:

pivot=101.67 tc=103.33 bc=100.00

Python

import numpy as np
import wickra as ta

cpr = ta.CentralPivotRange()
pivot, tc, bc = cpr.batch(np.array([110.0]), np.array([90.0]), np.array([105.0])).T
print(pivot[0], tc[0], bc[0])

Node

const ta = require('wickra');

const cpr = new ta.CentralPivotRange();
console.log(cpr.update(110, 90, 105)); // { pivot: 101.67, tc: 103.33, bc: 100 }

Streaming

use wickra::{Candle, Indicator, CentralPivotRange};

let mut cpr = CentralPivotRange::new();
let completed_daily_bars: Vec<Candle> = Vec::new(); // your daily bars
for day in completed_daily_bars {
    if let Some(out) = cpr.update(day) {
        println!("CPR width = {:.2}", out.tc - out.bc);
    }
}

Streaming update and batch are equivalent tick-for-tick (batch_equals_streaming pins this).

Interpretation

1. Day-type forecast. Compare today's CPR width to recent widths: a contracting CPR over consecutive days often precedes a strong trending breakout.
2. Open location. Price opening above TC is bullish, below BC bearish, inside the range neutral/two-sided.
3. Magnet levels. The pivot and central lines act as intraday support/resistance and mean-reversion targets.

Common pitfalls

• Use the prior bar. CPR is forward-looking: compute it from the completed previous period and project it onto the next.
• Timeframe. Daily CPR for day trading, weekly for swing — match the bar to the horizon.
• Not the same as classic R/S pivots. CPR is the three central lines; combine with ClassicPivots for the R/S ladder.

References

The Central Pivot Range is popularised by Frank Ochoa, Secrets of a Pivot Boss (2010).

See also

• Indicator-ClassicPivots — the R/S pivot ladder.
• Indicator-Camarilla — Camarilla levels.
• Indicator-WoodiePivots — Woodie's pivots.
• Indicators-Overview — the full taxonomy.