Triple Top / Bottom

Three-extreme reversal — a stronger cousin of the double top/bottom. Three matching highs → bearish -1; three matching lows → bullish +1.

Quick reference

Item	Value
Family	Chart Patterns
Input type	Candle (uses high, low)
Output type	f64 (+1 / -1 / 0)
Output range	{-1.0, 0.0, +1.0}
Default parameters	none (swing threshold 5%, level tolerance 3%, baked)
Warmup period	6
Interpretation	Reversal — confirmed on the third matching extreme

Formula

swing pivots confirmed by a 5% non-repainting zig-zag (pattern_swing)
on each new pivot, inspect the three same-direction extremes (n-5, n-3, n-1):
  triple top    : High₁ ≈ High₂ ≈ High₃ (±3%)  → -1
  triple bottom : Low₁  ≈ Low₂  ≈ Low₃  (±3%)  → +1
otherwise → 0

See crates/wickra-core/src/indicators/triple_top_bottom.rs.

Parameters

None. Swing threshold 0.05 and level tolerance 0.03 are baked-in family constants (pattern_swing.rs). TripleTopBottom::new is infallible.

Inputs / Outputs

const _: fn(&mut wickra::TripleTopBottom, wickra::Candle) -> Option<f64> =
    <wickra::TripleTopBottom as wickra::Indicator>::update;

• Python. update((o,h,l,c,v,ts)) → float (never None); batch(open, high, low, close) → 1-D ndarray.
• Node. update(open, high, low, close) → number; batch(open, high, low, close) → number[].
• WASM. update(open, high, low, close) → number.

Warmup

warmup_period() == 6. Five confirmed pivots are required; the earliest bar that can confirm a fifth pivot is the sixth. Pinned by test accessors_and_metadata.

Edge cases

• Triple top reports -1 (test triple_top_is_minus_one).
• Triple bottom reports +1 (test triple_bottom_is_plus_one).
• Divergent third peak reports 0.0 (test unequal_third_peak_does_not_trigger).
• reset clears state (test reset_clears_state).
• Streaming equals batch (test batch_equals_streaming).

Examples

Rust

use wickra::{Candle, Indicator, TripleTopBottom};

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let bars = [
        (119.88, 120.0, 119.88, 119.88),
        (100.0, 118.8, 100.0, 100.0),
        (101.0, 121.0, 101.0, 101.0),
        (99.0, 119.79, 99.0, 99.0),
        (99.99, 119.0, 99.99, 99.99),
        (107.1, 117.81, 107.1, 107.1), // third matching top → triple top
    ];
    let mut pat = TripleTopBottom::new();
    let mut last = 0.0;
    for (ts, (o, h, l, c)) in bars.iter().enumerate() {
        last = pat.update(Candle::new(*o, *h, *l, *c, 1.0, ts as i64)?).unwrap();
    }
    println!("{last}"); // -1
    Ok(())
}

Python

import wickra as ta

bars = [
    (119.88, 120.0, 119.88, 119.88, 1.0, 0),
    (100.0, 118.8, 100.0, 100.0, 1.0, 1),
    (101.0, 121.0, 101.0, 101.0, 1.0, 2),
    (99.0, 119.79, 99.0, 99.0, 1.0, 3),
    (99.99, 119.0, 99.99, 99.99, 1.0, 4),
    (107.1, 117.81, 107.1, 107.1, 1.0, 5),
]
pat = ta.TripleTopBottom()
print([pat.update(b) for b in bars][-1])  # -1.0

Node

const wickra = require('wickra');
const bars = [
  [119.88, 120.0, 119.88, 119.88], [100.0, 118.8, 100.0, 100.0],
  [101.0, 121.0, 101.0, 101.0], [99.0, 119.79, 99.0, 99.0],
  [99.99, 119.0, 99.99, 99.99], [107.1, 117.81, 107.1, 107.1],
];
const pat = new wickra.TripleTopBottom();
let last = 0;
for (const [o, h, l, c] of bars) last = pat.update(o, h, l, c);
console.log(last); // -1

Streaming

pat = ta.TripleTopBottom()
for o, h, l, c, v, ts in candle_feed:
    signal = pat.update((o, h, l, c, v, ts))
    if signal != 0:
        pass  # triple reversal confirmed (strong: three rejections at a level)

Interpretation

1. Stronger than a double. Three rejections at the same level imply a more durable supply/demand zone; the breakout that follows a failed triple often carries further.
2. Confirmation lag. Like all swing patterns it confirms on the third pivot, one threshold move after the visual extreme.

Common pitfalls

• Rarity. Three matching extremes within tolerance is uncommon; expect far fewer signals than the double top/bottom.
• Overlap with rectangle. A triple top with a flat trough resembles a rectangle; the two detectors can fire on overlapping structures.

See also

• DoubleTopBottom — the two-extreme variant.
• RectangleRange — flat support/resistance range.
• Indicators-Overview — full taxonomy.